The aim of the present study was to investigate how essential oil production and associated chemical composition and related biological activity could be influenced by different cultivation treatments and distillation method. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (fennel), Origanum vulgare L. (oregano), and Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme) were cultivated in absence of any fertilizer (control) and in presence of three different fertilizers: a chemical one with augmented of mineral phosphorus and potassium, a second added with hydrolysed organic substance and mineral phosphorus and potassium (organic-mineral) and a third one treated with high content of organic nitrogen of protein origin (organic). The plants were subjected to steam distillation using two modalities: recycled and continuous to obtain 32 essential oil samples. Chemical composition analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; in vitro antimicrobial activity was evaluated by broth microdilution method. In general, the recycled distillation method appeared to have a slightly higher yield than the continuous method. The "mineral" and "organic-mineral" treatments resulted in the higher yield compared to the "organic" or "control" treatments, and this was particularly evident in the recycled method. The "control" plants had a lower yield of essential oils. Anethole (13.9-59.5%) and estragole (13.4-52.2%) were the main constituents of fennel oils, p-cymene and its derivatives carvacrol and thymol were the main constituents of oregano and thyme samples. The antimicrobial activity of thyme oils on Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 0.31 to 0.16% (v/v); a lower effect of oregano samples and no activity of fennel samples were observed. The essential oils failed to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.

Effect of different soil treatments on production and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Origanum vulgare L. and Thymus vulgaris L / Raffo, Antonio; Sapienza, FILIPPO UMBERTO; Astolfi, Roberta; Lombardi, Gabriele; Fraschetti, Caterina; Božović, Mijat; Artini, Marco; Papa, Rosanna; Trecca, Marika; Fiorentino, Simona; Vechiarelli, Valerio; Papalini, Claudia; Selan, Laura; Ragno, Rino. - In: PLANTS. - ISSN 2223-7747. - 12:(2023), pp. 1-18.

Effect of different soil treatments on production and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Origanum vulgare L. and Thymus vulgaris L

Filippo Umberto Sapienza;Roberta Astolfi;Gabriele Lombardi;Caterina Fraschetti;Marco Artini;Rosanna Papa;Marika Trecca;Laura Selan;Rino Ragno
2023

Abstract

The aim of the present study was to investigate how essential oil production and associated chemical composition and related biological activity could be influenced by different cultivation treatments and distillation method. Foeniculum vulgare Mill. (fennel), Origanum vulgare L. (oregano), and Thymus vulgaris L. (thyme) were cultivated in absence of any fertilizer (control) and in presence of three different fertilizers: a chemical one with augmented of mineral phosphorus and potassium, a second added with hydrolysed organic substance and mineral phosphorus and potassium (organic-mineral) and a third one treated with high content of organic nitrogen of protein origin (organic). The plants were subjected to steam distillation using two modalities: recycled and continuous to obtain 32 essential oil samples. Chemical composition analysis was performed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry; in vitro antimicrobial activity was evaluated by broth microdilution method. In general, the recycled distillation method appeared to have a slightly higher yield than the continuous method. The "mineral" and "organic-mineral" treatments resulted in the higher yield compared to the "organic" or "control" treatments, and this was particularly evident in the recycled method. The "control" plants had a lower yield of essential oils. Anethole (13.9-59.5%) and estragole (13.4-52.2%) were the main constituents of fennel oils, p-cymene and its derivatives carvacrol and thymol were the main constituents of oregano and thyme samples. The antimicrobial activity of thyme oils on Staphylococcus aureus ranged from 0.31 to 0.16% (v/v); a lower effect of oregano samples and no activity of fennel samples were observed. The essential oils failed to inhibit the growth of Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains.
2023
antimicrobial activity; soil fertilization; GC-MS analysis; continuous and fractionated steam distillation;
01 Pubblicazione su rivista::01a Articolo in rivista
Effect of different soil treatments on production and chemical composition of essential oils extracted from Foeniculum vulgare Mill., Origanum vulgare L. and Thymus vulgaris L / Raffo, Antonio; Sapienza, FILIPPO UMBERTO; Astolfi, Roberta; Lombardi, Gabriele; Fraschetti, Caterina; Božović, Mijat; Artini, Marco; Papa, Rosanna; Trecca, Marika; Fiorentino, Simona; Vechiarelli, Valerio; Papalini, Claudia; Selan, Laura; Ragno, Rino. - In: PLANTS. - ISSN 2223-7747. - 12:(2023), pp. 1-18.
File allegati a questo prodotto
File Dimensione Formato  
Raffo_Effect_2023.pdf

accesso aperto

Note: Articolo rivista
Tipologia: Documento in Post-print (versione successiva alla peer review e accettata per la pubblicazione)
Licenza: Creative commons
Dimensione 695.95 kB
Formato Adobe PDF
695.95 kB Adobe PDF

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11573/1685740
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus 1
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? 1
social impact